Brain Plasticity Exercises

Brain plasticity (The plasticity or neuroplasticity also known as cortical) is the brain capacity for himself to reorganize itself ae" forming the new cells of brain and the new information treating connections between these cells, and these new functions for these cells.

Neuroplasticity is known to arrive in the brain in the following positions:

• During the first childhood and childhood, and in the young adult age: when the immature brain himself organizes.
• By the adult age: when we form a new memory, learn new something, or develop a new competence.
• In response to the brain injury, in response to the disease or in response to the congenital brain disrupts as blindness: to compensate lost functions or maximizes remaining functions.

The recent proof shows that the brain is able change and of remarkable shed adaptations through it lasted of life ae" beforehander had been thought a lot.

A remarkable type of plasticity of brain arrives when the parties of the brain that uses ordinary a cognitive function are resumed by the somewhere else brain to serve other, completely different, the functions.

A general principle of function of brain is what is called location: The different functions, perceptuelles and cognitive are executed by the different parties of the brain. Damage to a part of the brain can have for result an extremely specific and selective deficit, while to leave the cognitive intact remaining functions.

The blindness of the birth and 'the modal plasticity upset'

The blind persons have the brand some major adjustments to do facing and prosper in a world that is conceived for the visionary. The blind persons develop raised capacities in the usage of their direction remaining to compensate for their view loss: their superior competences in the tasks implying the key and the audience was established as a fact in the laboratory frameworks.

In the normal brains the back (previous) the region of the two hemispheres of the brain is specialized to treat visual Information. This brain party in every hemisphere is called the lob occipital. Damage to the lob occipital ae" maybe in a car accident, or by a blow ae" has for result blindness, but will leave all other sensory methods and all higher equal functions as the language and as the personality thought without allocation.

Does for that the shutter use lob them occipital themselves they cannot see? The magnetic imagery of Resonance (fMRI) and other brain imagery The techniques returned us able to reply to this question. As the individuals normally visionaries use us our vision ae" and our lob occipital - to read. The blind persons, by the constraste, use the direction of touch To read braille. The recording of the activity of brain in the blind individuals of the birth when they read spectacles in braille that their lob occipital light on ae" it was recruited to read the brain by the key. Since a method (the key) replaces another method (the vision), this plasticity type is called 'upset modal'.

The additional experiences showed also as lob them occipital blind persons are used for speech The treatment, a function executed of ordinary one in lob them temporal and frontal.

These discoveries are maybe not that the surprise, considering how "in plastic" the brain can be during childhood. A similar type of reorganization of brain can be seen while comparing bilingual against the high monolingual speakers: a sector in lobs it left parietal is significantly bigger in the bilingual brains than the monolingual brains.

But the brain plasticity is more remarkable than that. And here some examples of his strength to change adaptively.

Bandage the eyes to Tests

Just five days of bandages of the eyes in the adults visionaries normal take to the lobs occipital treating the news for touch and auditory (Solid) treating - the functions normally executed by the parietal and lob them temporal. It begins lighting in top in the studies of imagery of brain, with the key and the solid stimuli! This is a quick one, a temporary rearrangement of structure of brain and the function, conceived to adapt to the new ones ask. Lobs it occipital returns to work normal once the blindfold is removed.

The memory and the Expertise: to roll drivers and musicians

When you become expert to something, the sectors in your brain that treats this type of increase of competence in the volume. For the drivers of taxi of London of example ae" that has an extremely developed memory for the roads by London - was showed to have a bigger hippocampe in lobs it temporal than the drivers of bus of London. The hippocampe is specialized for spatial coding in navigation.

Brain reorganization also was showed in the musicians. There are several sectors of the implied brain in to play music ae" in lobs it frontal, lobs it parietal and lobs it temporal. The professional musicians that practice at least 1 hour by the day) has a higher volume of neuronal fabric in these sectors. The avid musicians in the bend have the mass of more of brain in these sectors than non-musicians.

The brain plasticity following the acquisition of competence and following the vast erudition in the sectors of specialist is the norm. The cortical territory changes progressively in response to the knowledge and in response to the competences that we obtain.

In the short one run changes: student for the examinations

In a study of imagery of brain, the medical German student brains were examined 3 months before their medical examination and immediately following the examination. Their brains were compared to them the student brains that did not study for an examination. The medical brains of the students showed showed changes in the regions of the lobs parietal as the hippocampe ae" the brain sectors known to have the functions of memory and erudition.

The intelligence of training and the connections of changeable brain

Recently a brain inducing the exercise was developed with success that was shown to improve what is called liquidate intelligence ae" our capacity to reason and the problem redsout in the new positions ae" as measured by the tests of standard QI (link). The training with this software also was showed to increase the neuronal activity in left the lobs frontal known to be implied in more top to work cognitive, and increase the density of receivers of the neurones for the dopamine, a neurotransmitter implied in the highest knowledge. This is called the plasticity synaptique ae" it arrives to connection flower between the individual neurones.

The example more extraordinary of plasticity of brain of all: hydrocephaly

The brain is suspended in a liquid a liquid cedredbrospinal called that baths the whole system central nervous. Without the liquid cedredbrospinal that the brain would collapse under his own weight. The hydrocedphalie ae" more ordinarily known as 'the water on the brain' ae" is a condition in which there is an abnormal one develops liquid cedredbrospinal. Without the treatment, it can take to the cerebral lesions and to the death. The pockets of liquid cedredbrospinal in the brain called ventricules can increase and in the extremity recognize the entire brain can be pushed by the liquid in a small end of layer to the skull.

The British neurologist John Lorber informed more than 600 sweepings of people with the hydrocedphalie and classified them in four groups:

• those with the almost normal brains
• those with 50-70% of the filled with skull with the liquid cedredbrospinal
• those with 70-90% of the filled with skull with the liquid cedredbrospinal
• those with 95% of the cranial one filled with cavity with the liquid cedredbrospinal ae" the group more harsh
  
  

Last group, that formed 10% of the study, the half deeply was delayed. The half remaining ae" and this is the extraordinary will to the brain plasticity ae" had BIGGER QIS than 100 (the average QI levels). A young man in this category of 'practically no brain that this be' had a QI of 126 and obtained a degree of honors of first class in the mathematical ones! The brains are normally around 1.5kgs. But these cases prove that 50-100 brains of gram can execute to an at the normal level and even superior.

Is at the under a sweeping of MRI of a brain of the French official! The picture shows that this brain of the man of 44 years is small more than an exterior shell in the comparison to a normal brain. The region labled LV is fluid just in this brain - normally it is packed with neuronal fabric!

"It was a married father of 2 children, and worked as an official," Dr Lionel Page and the colleagues to the Universite of the Mediterranee in Marseilles wrote in a letter to the The Lancet Medical newspaper.

Picture: Page and Al/The Lancet

Almost all that neuroscientists knows anatomy of brain and the function are lit their head in these extraordinary cases. A lot of neurologists feel that this is a tribut to the plasticity of the unbelievable brain and his incorporated the "redundance" - the idea that the a lot of fabrics of brain has a function of "safeguards". Of others are at odds. The Wall of Patrick, the anatomy professor to the University of University, the states of London "to talk about redundance is a cop out to bypass something that you do not understand".

To unique direction or another, the it is clear that the brain has stunning strengths of plasticity. And the research says us that our engagements to longer term in life - which competences invest us the time in to obtain, which talents that we want to cultivate, and that we want to learn in depth - will have for result of the deep changes in the structure even and organization of our brains.